Assessment of existing and potential legal mechanisms for implementing blockchain solutions in agri-industry production

The article is devoted to the analysis of existing and potential legal mechanisms for implementing blockchain solutions in agri-industry production. Blockchain technologies are examined as a tool for ensuring transparency, security, and efficiency in the agricultural sector, particularly through supply chain traceability, product certification, and land registry management. The primary focus is on key international and national regulatory frameworks, such as Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 on Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA), the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and the legislation of the State of Wyoming (USA) on smart contracts (House Bill 70). The article analyzes examples of blockchain solution implementation within national legal systems, including Ukraine, the European Union, and Australia (National Standard for Organic and Bio-Dynamic Produce). Particular attention is given to the adaptation of legal norms to data protection requirements, compliance with international trade agreements, and the automation of agricultural transactions through smart contracts. These jurisdictions illustrate how harmonization of national legislation with international standards facilitates the effective use of blockchain in the agri-industry sector. The article emphasizes the critical role of international standards, such as MiCA and GDPR, in ensuring legal certainty and data protection within blockchain systems. Through the development and implementation of such standards, international organizations and countries contribute to the advancement of innovative technologies in agriculture. In light of the globalization and digitalization of the agricultural sector, legal mechanisms must adapt to new challenges, such as data protection and the regulation of crypto-assets. The study’s findings highlight the necessity of aligning Ukrainian legislation with international standards to ensure the effective implementation of blockchain solutions, thereby fostering socio-economic development and enhancing the competitiveness of the agri-industry sector. Proposed steps for improving national legislation.