Locomotors disability assistive devices for frail persons: An update with focus on advancement in hybrid assistive devices

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in 2023 that approximately 1.3 billion people, or 16% of the global population, are living with a disability. Among these, locomotor disabilities constitute a significant portion, underscoring the urgent need for devices that enhance mobility and support daily living. The growing demand for assistive devices highlights the critical importance of tools that foster independence and improve overall health and well-being for individuals with mobility impairments. This review provides an update on the existing locomotor assistive devices (LADs), exploring their applications, benefits, limitations, and areas where further advancements are necessary. Special attention is given to hybrid assistive devices, a recent innovation that integrates mobility aids, transfer systems, and rehabilitation tools into a unified platform. The LADs, particularly hybrid devices, not only promote user autonomy but also alleviate the caregiver demands. Additionally, this review also suggests areas for future research and development, focusing on improving the accessibility, usability, and affordability of LADs to enhance the quality of life for individuals with locomotor disabilities.