Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis of First‐Line Chemotherapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer in Japan

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive disease with limited treatment options. The combination of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil (S-1) has emerged as a promising treatment approach in Japan. However, the economic implications of S-1 compared to other chemotherapy regimens have not been fully explored. This cost-effectiveness analysis study evaluated the economic position of S-1 relative to fluorouracil+leucovorin+irinotecan+oxaliplatin (FFX), gemcitabine+Nab-paclitaxel (GnP), and gemcitabine (GEM) for the treatment of distant metastatic pancreatic cancer in Japan. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as the measure of effectiveness. S-1 demonstrated the lowest incremental cost-effectiveness ratio compared to FFX, GnP, and GEM, indicating that it offers the most value for the cost. The total cost per QALY for S-1 was significantly lower than the other regimens. Additionally, S-1 was associated with favourable safety and convenience profiles. The findings of this study suggest that S-1 is a cost-effective and promising treatment option for distant metastatic pancreatic cancer in Japan. Its favourable economic profile, combined with its safety and convenience advantages, makes it a viable choice for patients and healthcare providers.