Longitudinal case-control study evaluates myelin water imaging's role in chemo-related cognitive impairments, suggesting its value over conventional DTI.
Motivation: Brain MRI changes in adolescent and young adult cancer (AYAC) patients are underexplored. Goal(s): Evaluate value of myelin water imaging (MWI) in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) compared to conventional DTI. Approach: Evaluate MWI changes in relation to CRCI on longitudinal brain MRI and neuropsychiatric assessments in a AYAC case-control cohort undergoing chemotherapy. GRASE-derived myelin water fraction (MWF) maps were used to create the first Southeast Asian MWF atlas, highlighting regional MWF variability in patients, and compared to FA from DTI. Results: Our MWI atlas was comparable to publicly available atlases. MWF and FA showed significant reduction in non-overlapping ROIs in AYAC patients post-chemotherapy. Impact: Myelin water fraction is a complementary quantitative marker to fractional anisotropy, detecting white matter dysmyelination in post-chemotherapy adolescent and young adult cancer patients.
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Lim et al. (2025) studied this question.
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