4D dynamic imaging of moving joints using 3D MPnRAGE MRI and sliding window reconstruction to visualize full joint anatomy in real-time motion.

Motivation: Dynamic imaging offers critical insights for conditions impacting joint mobility, affecting individuals across all age groups from pediatrics to geriatrics. Goal(s): This study aims to evaluate a new MRI technique to assess real-time joint motion using 3D T1-weighted MPnRAGE sequence to visualize the complete joint anatomy as it articulates in real-time. Approach: We employed a novel 3D radial kooshball GRE sequence (MPnRAGE) combined with a sliding window algorithm developed at the Computational Radiology Laboratory at Boston Children's Hospital, USA were used. Results: The resulting 4D images effectively capture the entire joint anatomy across three planes in real time, revealing full ranges of motion. Impact: The 3D MPnRAGE sequence with sliding window reconstruction provides a robust 4D dynamic MRI solution for evaluating joint anatomy and motion in real time.