Uncovering fibrin(ogen) deposition in multiple sclerosis brain by in vivo 64Cu-FBP8 MR-PET imaging

Motivation: In multiple sclerosis (MS), fibrin(ogen) deposition is thought to be one of the earliest triggers of inflammation and demyelination in both white and gray matter of the brain. Goal(s): To quantify fibrin(ogen) levels throughout MS disease stages and their relation to neurological impairment. Approach: A novel molecular imaging PET probe, 64Cu-FBP8, was used to evaluate and compare fibrin(ogen) deposition levels in MS patients and healthy volunteers. Results: Increased levels of 64Cu-FBP8 uptake compared to healthy volunteers were detected in the choroid plexus in relapsing MS and all brain regions in progressive forms. Fibrin accumulation was associated with neurological impairment. Impact: 64Cu-FBP8 MR-PET imaging allows in vivo quantification of fibrin(ogen) levels and could aid in predicting MS disease outcomes and improve patient management strategies. Further research is needed to validate its use as a reliable biomarker in clinical practice.