Relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin level and prognostic cardiac function in diabetic patients complicated with myocardial infarction

Objectives The study aimed to explore the correlation between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and cardiac function in diabetic individuals who have experienced a heart attack. Methods Eighty diabetic patients with myocardial infarction admitted between March 2021 and November 2022 were divided into two groups: low HbA1c (<6.5 %, n=33) and high HbA1c (>6.5 %, n=47). Patient data were collected. Left ventricular function, Including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), and left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), which infarct size, and global peak strain (radial, circumferential, longitudinal) were measured using CMRI. Cardiac troponin and BNP/NT-proBNP levels were measured by ELISA. Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression analyzed the relationship between HbA1c levels and left ventricular function. Results No significant variation in overall data between groups (p>0.05). High HbA1c group had lower LVEF and higher LVESV and LVEDV (p<0.05). Infarct size was larger in the high HbA1c group (p<0.05). Peak strains in all directions were significantly lower in the high HbA1c group (p<0.05). BNP and NT-proBNP levels were higher in the high HbA1c group (p<0.05). HbA1c level negatively correlated with left ventricular strain parameters (p<0.05). HbA1c independently predicted decreased LVEF and strain value (p<0.05). Conclusions Higher HbA1c levels in diabetic myocardial infarction patients are closely correlated with decreased left ventricular function, weakened cardiac deformability, and increased myocardial injury.