Survival in Synchronous Versus Metachronous Bladder & Prostate Cancer

Abstract Purpose We aimed to evaluate co-occurrence of prostate and bladder cancer. As well, we sought for their clinicopathological characteristics, and oncological outcomes according to the status of being either synchronous or metachronous during the oncological follow-up. Methods Retrospective data query set to timeline of 2011-2023 from hospital database resulted in a total of 72 patients with synchronous or metachronous prostate and bladder cancer. Patients with synchronous cancers were assigned as group I. The patients having metachronous bladder cancer after prostate cancer were assigned as group II and group III included patients with metachronous prostate cancer after bladder cancer. Results Group I (synchronous) included 33 (46%) patients, metachronous tumors in total included 39 (54%) patients (29 patients (40%) in group II and 10 patients (14%) in group III). Rate of high-grade bladder cancer (72%) and presence of CIS (47%) were higher in synchronous tumors. Five and ten-year overall survival and metastasis free survival rates were lower in synchronous group compared to metachronous groups. The 10-year survival rates for all three groups were 61%, 89% and 91%, respectively. Lungs were the most common metastatic site in all groups, and the third most common cancer was lung cancer. Conclusions The survival rate in synchronous groups is lower. In addition, the risk of a third tumor is high in patients with synchronous or metachronous tumors. The occurrence of lung cancer as the third most common tumor in these patients might be related to the common habit of smoking.