Abstract As a fundamental energy resource in China, coal plays a pivotal role in the national economy. The development of the coal industry, an integral part of China's energy sector, is closely tied to advancements in coal science and technology. This paper comprehensively summarizes the progress and major research achievements in coal mining science and technology in China, covering geological prospecting, open-pit mining, underground mining, and safety technologies. In the area of geological prospecting, the paper elaborates on advanced coal exploration technologies that enable high-precision, small-scale, and large-range real-time detection of hidden geological hazards in coal mines. For open-pit mining, the progress in intelligent mining technologies and ecological protection methods is introduced, achieving the coordinated development of safe, efficient production and environmental protection. In underground mining, world-class shaft construction technologies, including drilling, freezing, and grouting, are discussed, ensuring stability and safety in shaft operations. Considering the complex geological conditions of coal seams in China, advanced technologies and equipment for rapid roadway excavation and support under various conditions are outlined, highlighting rapid excavation systems featuring integrated spray and drill-anchor support, which significantly enhance support efficiency. Additionally, the paper systematically reviews the latest advancements in fully mechanized mining technologies and equipment for single-pass full-height extraction, top-coal caving for thick coal seams, intelligent coal mining technologies, and disaster prevention and control methods. Years of research and practice have demonstrated that China has developed a coal miming science and technology system with unique characteristics, providing reliable technical support for safe and efficient coal mining. Finally, the paper proposes future development directions for safe, green, and intelligent coal mining technologies under deep and complex conditions in China.
Kang et al. (2025) studied this question.