Anticancer activity was assessed in various cancer cell lines, suggesting potential for novel therapeutic agents.
Ten organometallic complexes of the general formula [M( p ‐cymene)thi CΛN MeIm]NO 3 (M = Ru, Os; MeIm = 1‐methylimidazole, thi = 4‐phenylthiazole) differing in their substituents on the 4‐phenylthiazole scaffold were prepared and characterized by standard analytical methods. The antiproliferative activity of the compounds was investigated in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), colon adenocarcinoma (SW480), and human ovarian teratocarcinoma (CH1/PA‐1) cell lines. IC 50 values were in the low micromolar range with two exceptions. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of selected compounds was determined in the HCT116 colon carcinoma cell line in both 2D (monolayer) and 3D (multicellular spheroid) cultures. For selected compounds, the capacity of ROS induction was investigated in SW480 cells. Cellular accumulation experiments, as well as studies regarding stability and reactivity in aqueous solution, were performed, providing conclusive explanations for the observed differences in cytotoxicity. Furthermore, amino acid and DNA interaction studies were performed to elucidate aspects of the mechanism of action. The obtained insight into the antiproliferative activity in multicellular spheroids compelled us to perform in vivo studies, revealing the unexpected therapeutic efficacy of an in vitro inactive complex.
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Getreuer et al. (2025) studied this question.
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