Numerical simulation reveals optimal axial and rotor-arm spacing for lift in quadcoaxial UAVs, highlighting performance peaks.
To investigate the lift characteristics of a quadcoaxial cross-shaped unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under the influence of different axial and rotor-arm spacing, this paper established a numerical simulation model based on the k-epsilon turbulence model. It systematically examined the coupled effects of coaxial spacing (H), rotor-arm spacing (L), and rotor rotational speed (ω) on lift performance. The results indicate that the total lift of the quadcoaxial system reaches its maximum when H/D=0.26. Under this condition, the upper rotor also achieves its maximum lift, and the overall rotor efficiency is optimized. Furthermore, when L/D ≥ 1.3, the total quadcoaxial lift stabilizes, and the aerodynamic interference between rotors caused by rotor-arm spacing diminishes significantly.
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Liu et al. (2025) studied this question.
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