Prevalence and Determinants of Consanguinity among the Libyan Population in Misurata as an Important Family and Child Health Issue

Background: Consanguineous marriage is a deeply rooted cultural practice in many Mediterranean and Middle Eastern populations, including Libya, and it plays a significant role in the burden of genetic diseases and public health. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and patterns of consanguineous marriages in Misurata, Libya, and to assess their potential role in increasing the risk of inherited disorders. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2025 at zero-dose vaccine centers in Misurata. A total of 500 fathers accompanying their children for vaccination were interviewed using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire that gathered information on demographic characteristics, marital relationships, and consanguinity status. Results: Out of the 500 couples, consanguinity was observed in 180 cases (36%), including paternal first cousins (8.6%), maternal first cousins (6.8%), double first cousins (2.6%), second cousins from the father’s side (3.8%) and mother’s side (3.4%), and more distant relatives (10.8%). The average age was 31.4±6.9 years for wives and 39.7±7.9 years for husbands. A family history of inherited disease was reported in 9.6% of the couples. Conclusions: Consanguineous marriages, especially first-cousin unions, remain highly prevalent in Misurata. Targeted genetic counseling, culturally sensitive awareness programs, and updated research are urgently needed to reduce the incidence of inherited disorders in the Libyan population.