Cost-effectiveness analysis of universal hypothyroidism screening in the general population aged 30 to 65 years in Spain

Aims Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder that often begins in a subclinical form but can lead to non-specific symptoms and cardiovascular problems. Its prevalence is higher among women, and a significant proportion of cases remain undiagnosed. While previous studies assessed screening in specific populations (e.g., pregnant women, older adults), this study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of population-wide screening in adults aged 30–65 from the Spanish National Health System (NHS) perspective.