Deduction with Induction: Combining Knowledge Discovery and Reasoning for Interpretable Deep Reinforcement Learning

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success in dynamic decision-making tasks. However, its inherent opacity and cold start problem hinder transparency and training efficiency. To address these challenges, we propose HRL-ID, a neural-symbolic framework that combines automated rule discovery with logical reasoning within a hierarchical DRL structure. HRL-ID dynamically extracts first-order logic rules from environmental interactions, iteratively refines them through success-based updates, and leverages these rules to guide action execution during training. Extensive experiments on Atari benchmarks demonstrate that HRL-ID outperforms state-of-the-art methods in training efficiency and interpretability, achieving higher reward rates and successful knowledge transfer between domains.