Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Diagnosis- Recurrent Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma with Eosinophilia – A Rare Case Report

A BSTRACT Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE) is a new addition to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of thyroid tumors and an extremely rare low-grade malignancy characterized by extensive sclerosis, squamous differentiation, and inflammatory infiltrate-rich in eosinophils. There is very little literature that explains the cytology features of SMECE. A 58-year male presented with swelling in the neck of 2 years duration, A clinical diagnosis of papillary carcinoma was given and the patient underwent total thyroidectomy on histopathological examination, it was reported as SMECE. However, 18 months later a nodule developed on the left side of the neck which on Fine needle aspiration cytology showed moderate cellularity of oval cells in singly and loosely cohesive clusters with moderate eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei, and occasional eosinophil’s. Some squamoid differentiation was also seen. Correlating cytological features with earlier histopathology reports it was diagnosed as SMECE. Although a few studies have described histopathological features of SMECE, straight cytological features are not present, and many times SMECE are erroneously diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). In this case, report we have described the cytology features of SMECE, hence this makes the case report unique.