Moderating Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Negative Cognition and Depression among Alcohol Dependence Syndrome Patients of Sikkim: Analyzing Gender Differences

Background: Alcohol abuse poses a substantial global public health concern, and India ranks among the leading alcohol producers. Sikkim, in particular, has unique cultural traditions related to alcohol consumption, encompassing both commercially manufactured and locally brewed varieties. According to data from the National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–2016), alcohol consumption is particularly high in Sikkim among individuals aged 15–49, with 51.2% of men and 23% of women identified as alcohol consumers. Aims and Objectives: This research aims to explore the connection between negative cognition and depression in individuals diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) and to assess how resilience and gender affect this relationship. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Using convenience sampling, 80 participants (both male and female), aged 18–50 years and diagnosed with ADS, were selected from Sikkim. Data collection involves the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II, and Resilience Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 23 and PROCESS Macro Version 4.2. Results: Significant differences in clinical variables were found between male and female participants. Resilience was identified as a significant moderator in the link between negative cognition and depression among females. However, this moderating effect was not significant in males, suggesting the existence of other anonymous moderating factors. Conclusion: Gender significantly affects the dynamics of ADS, especially regarding negative cognition and depression. The results highlight the need for gender-sensitive mental health interventions and the promotion of resilience-building strategies, particularly for women, in addressing alcohol dependence.