Processo de uso e ocupação do solo e suas implicações na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Aquidauana

The process of human intervention in hydrographic basins significantly alters landscape aspects and the qualitative-quantitative parameters of water bodies, directly impacting water availability in rivers. This study aimed to conduct a temporal analysis of land use and land cover in the Aquidauana River hydrographic basin and the surrounding area within the Miranda River Basin. The effects of anthropogenic land use and cover on the surrounding of the Aquidauana River, the main water body in focus in this study, were analyzed. The study area is delimited by the Aquidauana River basin, which originates in São Gabriel do Oeste/MS and flows into the Miranda River, which in turn connects to the Paraguay River, covering the municipalities of Anastácio and Aquidauana/MS. The methodology included a temporal analysis of precipitation data, river gauge height, flood history, and temperature, to verify potential impacts throughout the studied basin. Among the results obtained, it was found that, throughout the analyzed period, there was a replacement of native riparian forest areas with agricultural and livestock activities. Analyses of precipitation and gauge height indicated the occurrence of flood periods, contributing to the changes around the Aquidauana River. Furthermore, a significant increase in the average temperature within the hydrographic basin was observed. In conclusion, it is of utmost importance to keep these types of data updated to assist future public policies and decision-making, aiming for better spatial organization within the Aquidauana River hydrographic basin.