Abstract Objective: To create a standardized, multicenter intensive care unit (ICU) database with minute-level data collection, enabling enhanced patient monitoring, early detection of clinical deterioration, and data-driven clinical decision support. Design: Retrospective, multicenter observational study. Setting: Tertiary care ICUs in Japan participating in the OneICU database project. Patients: Critically ill patients admitted to ICUs at 8 tertiary care hospitals from 2013 to 2024. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: The established database, OneICU, employs an extract-load-transform workflow to standardize diverse electronic medical record data into static, point time-series, and interval time-series tables. OneICU currently includes 118,272 ICU admissions from 97,718 unique patients, including minute-level recordings of vital signs, laboratory values, interventions, and diagnoses mapped to ICD codes. Compared with two benchmark databases-Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV and eICU-OneICU captures more frequent vital signs (minute-level vs. hourly in MIMIC-IV and every five minutes in eICU) and broader availability of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score components. In particular, the respiratory component is available for 64.1 % of admissions in OneICU versus 37.8 % in MIMIC‑IV and 30.9 % in eICU, and the liver component for 86.6 % versus 45.2 % and 41.3 %, respectively. We compared the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of machine‑learning models predicting next‑hour hypotensive events, which were defined as a median invasive mean arterial pressure < 65 mmHg or vasopressor initiation, across the three databases. Test‑set AUROC was highest with OneICU (0.977) compared with MIMIC‑IV (0.837) and eICU (0.950), attributable to OneICU's minute‑level vital signs and more complete covariate availability. Conclusions: A high‑resolution, multicenter ICU database integrating minute‑level vital sign recordings with comprehensive SOFA score coverage is feasible and was associated with superior hypotension‑prediction performance. OneICU enables detailed analyses of ICU trajectories and addresses the current scarcity of large‑scale ICU data from Asian populations.
Kinoshita et al. (Sun,) studied this question.