Four distinct diagrammatic approaches reveal new insights into solar system structure and planet relationships.
Four new ways of drawing the solar system are presented and discussed. In the first diagram, Sun-planet barycentres are plotted on the radius of the Sun. Only the centre of the Sun–Jupiter barycentre lies outside of the Sun. A second diagram shows the relative sizes of the planets plotted concentrically revealing a pairing of the planets: Mercury–Mars, Earth–Venus, Uranus–Neptune, Jupiter–Saturn. A third diagram shows the relative positions of the planets on the gravitational potential (GP) well of the Sun. A fourth diagram shows a plot of the relative depth of the GP wells of the planets. All the diagrams are available as supplementary material.
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Stephen Hughes (2025) studied this question.
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