Design of a dual tipping-bucket rain gauge acquisition system with multi-source sensor fusion

Driven by climate change, rainstorms have elevated the importance of precipitation measurement accuracy. Dual tipping-bucket rain gauges represent an enhanced version of traditional single-bucket designs, engineered to deliver higher-precision rainfall monitoring. However, empirical evidence reveals that their stability and accuracy consistently fall below industry requirements. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a multi-source sensor fusion solution for dual tipping-bucket rain gauges. The system employs an STM32 microcontroller as the central processor and integrates a multi-network convergence routing module for data transmission. Through synergistic incorporation of infrared sensors, photoelectric rain sensors, and USB cameras, thereby significantly enhancing precipitation measurement precision.