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Systematic review reveals key patent trends in hydrogen vehicles, indicating China's leadership in patenting.
Hydrogen energy is of great significance as a potential primary fuel for automobiles, offering high energy supply efficiency and low emissions. It is considered one of the most promising energy sources in the new energy vehicle industry. This study conducts a patentometric analysis using the IncoPat database to explore the development trends and characteristics of hydrogen vehicle technology. The analysis includes annual and country-level patent distributions, patent legal statuses, top clustering topics, leading patent assignees and applicants, patent value ratings, key classification codes, citation analyses, the most valuable patents, and the patent technical efficacy matrix. China holds the largest number of patents, the United States is the most influential country, and Japan is showing rapid development in this field.
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Tong et al. (2025) studied this question.
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