Against the backdrop of global energy demand growth and prominent environmental issues, traditional power grids have exposed problems such as low efficiency and poor reliability, giving rise to the emergence of smart grids.This article conducts an in-depth study on the key technologies for the development of smart grids, including the current status and development challenges of distributed generation technology, as well as energy storage technology for balancing power supply and demand. Studies have shown that smart grids, by leveraging these core technologies, are able to markedly boost energy usage and efficiency while also enhancing the power grid's stability and reliability.In the future, smart grids are projected to be deeply integrated with emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data, facilitating the transformation of the energy structure and taking on an increasingly significant role in the global energy system. They have broad development prospects, but also face challenges such as the unification of technical standards and cybersecurity protection.
Yong Jiang (2025) studied this question.