Towards heat health plans in sub-Saharan Africa: case study – Nigeria

Here, we identify realistic and pragmatic recommendations for developing a Heat Health Plan (HHP) in Nigeria by analysing best practice and by leveraging current structures and programmes within the country. We propose actionable strategies to enhance preparedness and response to extreme heat events, ultimately reducing heat-related health impacts. Nigeria currently lacks a formal framework to address extreme heat events and key challenges include inadequate access to healthcare, limited heatwave-related data, ineffective communication strategies, and socioeconomic constraints. However, existing public health programmes, emergency response frameworks, and government agencies provide a foundation for the development of HHPs that mitigate the adverse effects of heatwaves on public health. Establishing heatwave early warning systems, enhancing public health data analysis, and integrating inclusive heat adaptation measures are feasible and essential steps. This piece underscores the urgency of transitioning from reactive to proactive heat-health management in Nigeria and the wider region to protect vulnerable populations and strengthen climate resilience.