Psychosocial factors and susceptibility to upper respiratory infections in community‐dwelling older adults of Japan

Background Upper respiratory infections (URIs), including the common cold, can lead to community‐acquired pneumonia and pose significant risks for older adults. In this study, we aimed to examine the influence of psychosocial factors on URIs among community‐dwelling older adults. Methods A cross‐sectional survey was administered to 500 community‐dwelling older adults via an internet research panel (386 males and 114 females). The prevalence of colds in the past year and demographic variables were assessed. Psychosocial factors were measured using the 8‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐8). Participants were categorized into two groups: those who experienced a cold within the past year (cold group) and those who did not (no‐cold group). Group comparisons were conducted using t ‐tests or Chi‐square tests, followed by logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results After adjusting for age, BMI, and smoking and drinking habits, scores for general health, vitality, role emotional functioning, mental health, and mental component summary score (MCS) on the SF‐8 were significantly higher in the no‐cold group than in the cold group. Conclusions Psychosocial factors, such as enhanced general health, vitality, role emotional functioning, mental health, and MCS are associated with decreased susceptibility to URIs.