With rapid global economic development, port enterprises play increasingly critical roles in supply chain management. Digital transformation has emerged as pivotal for enhancing operational efficiency, reducing costs, and optimizing service quality. While the significance of digital transformation in port supply chains is widely acknowledged, stakeholders' strategic choices and interaction mechanisms during transformation remain insufficiently studied. Addressing this research gap, this paper employs stochastic evolutionary game theory to construct a three-party game model involving port operators, shipping companies, and logistics firms. By incorporating Gaussian white noise, the study investigates stakeholders' digital transformation behavior evolution under external random disturbances. Key findings reveal: First, increased random disturbance intensity magnifies decision-making fluctuations and extends system stabilization time. Second, digital transformation exhibits synergistic transmission effects, with port operators' digitalization efforts playing the most significant driving role. Third, digital efficiency improvement and synergy benefit coefficients exert positive but threshold-based incentive effects on transformation decisions. Finally, increased non-digitalized supply chain losses accelerate port operators' and shipping companies' transformations, while logistics firms display delayed and then rapid evolution patterns. This study provides fresh perspectives on stakeholder game behaviors in port supply chain digital transformation and offers valuable theoretical guidance for effective digital transformation policies.
Fu et al. (2025) studied this question.