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Bilevel optimisation improves image denoising by estimating weighted total variation maps, suggesting an effective unsupervised method.
We consider a bilevel optimisation strategy based on normalised residual whiteness loss for estimating the weighted total variation parameter maps for denoising images corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise. Compared to supervised and semi-supervised approaches relying on prior knowledge of (approximate) reference data and/or information on the noise magnitude, the proposal is fully unsupervised. To avoid noise overfitting an early stopping strategy is used, relying on simple statistics of optimal performances on a set of natural images. Numerical results comparing the supervised/unsupervised procedures for scalar/pixel-dependent {parameter maps are shown.
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Pragliola et al. (2025) studied this question.
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