This analysis critiques type S and M errors in statistical discourse, suggesting they hinder study design and result interpretation.
We recently posted a preprint criticizing the idea of Type S and M errors (https://osf.io/2phzb_v1). From our abstract: "While these concepts have been proposed to be useful both when designing a study (prospective) and when evaluating results (retroactive), we argue that these statistics do not facilitate the proper design of studies, nor the meaningful interpretation of results." In a recent blog post that is mainly on p-curve analysis, Gelman
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Daniel Lakens (2025) studied this question.
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