Case report reveals chylothorax in a gastric adenocarcinoma patient treated with nivolumab, suggesting a link with immune checkpoint therapy.
Chylothorax refers to the presence of chyle in the pleural space leading to respiratory compromise. Chylothorax secondary to gastric adenocarcinoma or immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab, is exceedingly rare and has been documented only in isolated case reports. The exact mechanism by which nivolumab may induce chylothorax remains unclear, though immune-mediated increased lymphatic permeability induced by anti-PD-1 has been hypothesised. This report highlights a unique presentation of chylothorax in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma undergoing nivolumab therapy.
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Y et al. (2025) studied this question.
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