This comprehensive review demonstrates IoT's impact on phytochemical quality and biodiversity in medicinal plant cultivation.
The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into smart farming presents significant potential for the cultivation and conservation of medicinal plants. This review examines how IoT-based systems enhance the growth, yield, and phytochemical quality of Ayurvedic and medicinal herbs through precision, monitoring, and resource-efficient practices. Leveraging real-time data acquisition, environmental control, and predictive analytics, smart greenhouses facilitate optimal management of variables such as temperature, humidity, light, and soil conditions. The paper explores the core components, benefits, challenges, and future directions of IoT-enabled agriculture, emphasizing its role in biodiversity preservation and pharmaceutical innovation. Prior case studies involving species such as Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal), Tulasi ( Ocimum tenuiflorum L.), Kumari ( Aloe vera [L.] Burm.f.), and Haridra ( Curcuma longa L.) illustrate the practical outcomes of implementing these technologies. Thus, the review underscores the transformative potential of IoT in bridging traditional medicinal plant knowledge with modern agricultural practices.
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Allam et al. (2025) studied this question.
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