Antiatherosclerotic activity of an Ayurvedic Herbomineral formulation - Bruhat vata chintamani rasa in high-fat diet induced atherosclerosis in Wistar rats

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease. This is a multifactorial inflammatory illness with lesions caused by fat buildup in the artery walls. Bruhat Vata Chintamani Rasa (BVCR) possesses cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic activity that might be effective in AS. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine antiatherosclerotic activity of BVCR in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerotic model in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were given a HFD containing cholesterol, saturated fat (groundnut oil), and calcium for 60 days to induce AS. Animals were administered BVCR (56.52 mg/kg, 113 mg/kg) and Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) orally for a period of 20 days following the conclusion of induction. This formulation’s impact on biochemical markers and the histology of different organs was investigated. Results: BVCR and Atorvastatin significantly reduced the elevated levels of lipid and lipoprotein profile, atherogenic index, serum transaminase level, and biomarkers of premature AS. High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Total Protein (TP) levels of all treatment groups were increased when compared with the disease control group. BVCR and Atorvastatin showed less damage to the aorta, liver, and kidney than the disease control group. Conclusion: The current study suggests that BVCR might be a viable medication in the treatment of AS.