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This is a Literature Review study.

September 30, 2025International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences0 citationsOpen Access

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: a comprehensive review of therapeutic strategies and the role of skin grafting in wound management and tissue regeneration

SJSánchez Gómez JessicaInstituto Politécnico Nacional LCLizeth Montelongo CedilloInstitute for Social Security and Services for State Workers JLJuan Camilo LópezUniversity of Twente

Key Points

Skin grafting strategies can stabilize chronic wounds in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Autologous grafts significantly reduce wound burden, although donor-site fragility remains a concern for effective healing.
Biological substitutes, including gene-corrected autografts, show potential for restoring type VII collagen in epidermolysis bullosa patients.
Future development of gene-edited and tissue-engineered solutions could revolutionize treatment for dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, but multicenter trials are needed.

Abstract

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a severe inherited disorder caused by COL7A1 mutations, leading to deficient type VII collagen (COL7), chronic wounds, and fibrosis. Skin grafting-autologous, allogeneic, or bioengineered-offers potential for wound stabilization. This review evaluates grafting efficacy, limitations, and future directions. A systematic literature analysis (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane) highlighted clinical trials and mechanistic studies. Autologous grafts reduce wound burden but face donor-site fragility; allogeneic grafts provide temporary coverage but risk rejection. Bioengineered substitutes (e.g., gene-corrected autografts) show promise for COL7A1 restoration. While grafting remains palliative, gene-edited (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9) and tissue-engineered approaches may transform DEB care, necessitating multicenter trials for protocol standardization.

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