This review examines skin grafting options and their implications for wound management in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, highlighting recovery and treatment challenges.
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a severe inherited disorder caused by COL7A1 mutations, leading to deficient type VII collagen (COL7), chronic wounds, and fibrosis. Skin grafting-autologous, allogeneic, or bioengineered-offers potential for wound stabilization. This review evaluates grafting efficacy, limitations, and future directions. A systematic literature analysis (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane) highlighted clinical trials and mechanistic studies. Autologous grafts reduce wound burden but face donor-site fragility; allogeneic grafts provide temporary coverage but risk rejection. Bioengineered substitutes (e.g., gene-corrected autografts) show promise for COL7A1 restoration. While grafting remains palliative, gene-edited (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9) and tissue-engineered approaches may transform DEB care, necessitating multicenter trials for protocol standardization.
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