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Retrospective analysis finds universal TROP-2 positivity in a rare malignancy, suggesting ADC effectiveness.
PURPOSE Tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (TACC) is a rare malignancy arising from the submucosal glands of the trachea or main bronchi. Similar to its more common salivary gland counterpart (SG-ACC), TACCs display a strong propensity for local recurrence and distant metastases and current systemic treatment options are limited and often ineffective. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) has emerged as a validated therapeutic target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and is highly expressed in SG-ACC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 11 TACC specimens from the pathology archives of two Italian cancer reference centers. TROP-2 expression was assessed in all cases using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry for TROP-2 revealed positivity in all 11 specimens, with 10 showing high expression and one showing moderate expression. Three cases exhibited heterogeneous staining. CONCLUSION These findings indicate a very high prevalence of robust TROP-2 expression in TACC. This provides a compelling rationale for the investigation of anti–TROP-2 ADCs, addressing a critical unmet need in this challenging rare thoracic malignancy.
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Catania et al. (2025) studied this question.
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