Killed by Robot or Human: Considerations on Autonomous Weapons Systems and Human Dignity

The emergence of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) has raised a number of concerns. In addition to issues related to the capability of these weapons to conform to the principles of international humanitarian law, primarily the principles of distinction and proportionality, concerns have also emerged regarding their compliance with human rights law. In this context, respect for human dignity has been cited as one of the major arguments against the use of AWS. The paper examines arguments for and against using the concept of human dignity as a rationale for prohibiting AWS. It demonstrates that those who oppose completely banning AWS do not necessarily believe that AWS conform to human dignity; rather, they offer different reasons why solutions other than total prohibition may be more appropriate. Finally, the paper explores whether implementing “meaningful human control” could bridge the gap between opposing standpoints on AWS and help resolve the human dignity dilemma.