Talinum triangulare e Ocimum basilicum como biofiltros naturais de nitrogênio e fósforo em sistemas aquapônicos

Aquaponics is an integrated cultivation technique combining fish and plants, promoting the reuse of fish metabolic waste as a nutrient source for plant growth. Studies have shown that the dynamics of these nutrients can be influenced by the cultivated plant species and its developmental stage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Talinum triangulare (cariru) and Ocimum basilicum (basil) growth on nutrient concentrations in the aquaponic solution over time. The experiment was conducted in a floating raft system using tambaqui fish as the effluent source, with four weeks of evaluation (S1 to S4) and hourly samplings each week (H0 to H4). The parameters analyzed were TAN, nitrate, nitrite, and orthophosphate. Water quality remained within appropriate parameters for aquaponics. Nutrient concentrations varied between species and over time. T. triangulare showed greater TAN removal during the central hours of the day, while O. basilicum stood out in nitrite removal. Nutrient uptake efficiency was influenced by plant age, although no significant difference was observed between the species. T. triangulare accumulated more biomass and showed a positive correlation with orthophosphate, whereas O. basilicum exhibited a stronger negative correlation with nitrite. It is concluded that nutrient removal performance is related to plant growth, emphasizing the importance of managing cultivation time and selecting species with complementary absorption profiles.