Fistula to the Neovagina After Gender-Affirming Surgery: Understanding, Management, and Postoperative Care

Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) represents a significant step for many transgender individuals, facilitating alignment of physical anatomy with gender identity. With the growing availability of gender-affirming surgical care, it is essential that we are prepared to discuss and manage postoperative complications. Multidisciplinary care is warranted in the setting of both rectal injury as well as the development of a rectovaginal fistula. By understanding the intricacies of fistula formation and employing effective repair techniques, healthcare providers can significantly improve outcomes for patients facing this challenging complication.