This study demonstrates kaemphenolide's ability to inhibit nitric oxide in macrophages, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory properties.
An undescribed phenylpropanoid dimer featuring a rare cyclobutane ring was isolated from the rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L., a medicinal plant traditionally used in Southeast Asia for its anti-inflammatory and therapeutic properties. Kaemphenolide ( 1 ), along with five known constituents, was obtained by separations of methanolic extract using chromatography. The presence of a cyclobutane ring within the phenylpropanoid scaffold represents an unusual structural motif among natural products and underscores the chemical uniqueness of this molecule. To evaluate its biological relevance, 1 was tested for its ability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The compound exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, with an IC 50 value of 23.1 ± 6.40 µM.
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Mufidah et al. (2025) studied this question.
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