The Role of Forensic Accounting Supported Internal Audit in the Prevention and Detection of Financial Frauds: A Case Study of Punjab National Bank (Pnb)

In this study, the Punjab National Bank (PNB) fraud case was analyzed from a forensic accounting perspective to examine the role of internal audit in preventing financial fraud. The qualitative case analysis method was used to evaluate relevant literature and sources through descriptive content analysis. The analysis resulted in recommendations such as strengthening technological and internal control systems, structuring internal audit with forensic accounting techniques, and implementing employee rotation. The PNB scandal highlighted the importance of internal audit supported by forensic accounting, especially in cases of significant financial crimes originating from top management. It has been emphasized that the legal recognition, education, and integration of forensic accounting into corporate governance in countries like Turkey will enhance financial reliability. Specifically, SWIFT–CBS integration should be made mandatory in all banks, internal audit units should be established, and mandatory staff rotation should be implemented for sensitive positions.