Functional and nutritional effects of mandibular two‐implant overdentures in edentulous adults: A prospective clinical study

Purpose Edentulism is associated with impaired masticatory function and nutritional deficiencies, particularly in older adults. Implant‐supported overdentures have been suggested as a prosthetic intervention to enhance chewing ability and improve dietary intake. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mandibular two‐implant overdentures on chewing ability, dietary intake, and nutritional status in edentulous middle‐aged and older adults. Materials and Methods A prospective clinical study was conducted with 35 edentulous participants aged 50 years and older. Participants were assessed at four time points: baseline (T0), 3 months after receiving immediate complete dentures (T1), 3 months after transitioning to implant‐supported overdentures (T2), and 6 months postimplant‐supported overdenture placement (T3). Anthropometric measurements, 24‐h dietary recall, and chewing ability assessments were performed at each time point. Results Implant‐supported overdentures significantly improved chewing ability and increased the intake of vitamins A, C, K, and folate ( p < 0.05). However, body weight ( F = 6.27, p = 0.001), body mass index (BMI; F = 6.31, p = 0.001), and mid–upper arm circumference ( F = 6.89, p < 0.001) showed significant reductions over time. Participants with chewing difficulties consumed higher energy and protein but tended to avoid nutrient‐dense foods. Conclusions While mandibular two‐implant overdentures enhance chewing ability and dietary intake, they do not fully address nutritional deficiencies. A multidisciplinary approach integrating dietary counseling with prosthetic rehabilitation is recommended to optimize nutritional outcomes in edentulous adults.