From Commuting to Connectivity? Cross-Border Telework and the Evolution of Cross-Border Labour Markets

The emergence of digital communication technologies and the COVID-19 pandemic have changed the nature of work, giving rise to cross-border teleworking as an important dimension of labour mobility. This study explores the interplay between cross-border telework and traditional cross-border labour mobility, focusing on two case studies: Cascadia (US/Canada) and the Greater Region (EU). Through the analysis of desk research, legislative documents, and in-depth interviews, the study examines how national borders and telework shape the development of digital cross-border labour markets. The findings show that while cross-border telework uses digital tools to foster economic integration and reduce geographical constraints, its growth is hampered by inadequate regulatory frameworks. The article concludes that cross-border telework complements and reshapes traditional cross-border labour markets, presenting both opportunities and challenges for regional economic integration in a digitally connected world.