Oxygen-functionalization of unique hierarchical carbon nanosheet fishtail-like for synergistically enhanced capacitive performance supercapacitor

The optimization of high-performance supercapacitors with enhanced electrochemical properties using biomass-based activated carbon is a challenging task. To overcome this, a novel strategy was used to create functional nanocarbon with a hierarchical-nanosheet structure based on bio-waste of Clausena Excavata Burm F (CEBF) leaves. The precursor was optimized through different chemical impregnation concentrations without the addition of any other substances. This resulted in a unique hierarchical carbon nanosheet fishtail-like with a specific surface area of 828.679 m 2 g −1 . The high carbon content of CEBF (up to 88.58%) and 4.46% oxygen as heteroatoms showed a beneficial pseudocapacitance effect. The electrochemical properties of CEBF-activated carbon were excellent, with a specific capacitance of 248 F g −1 . The optimal energy density reached 33.8267 Wh kg −1 , and the power density was 4.755 kW kg −1 at 10 A g −1 . These findings suggest that CEBF biomass has significant potential as a source of hierarchical carbon nanosheet that enhances high-performance electrochemical supercapacitors.