Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease: A Case Report

Strongyloides stercoralis is a common nematode in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. It is mostly asymptomatic, but if symptoms are present, they are usually associated with vague gastrointestinal complaints. Hyperinfection may occur due to dissemination of Strongyloides stercoralis in immunocompromised patients, particularly those receiving corticosteroid therapy. We hereby present a case of S. stercoralis infection in a sixteen-year-old patient who had a one-year history of Crohn’s disease, initially treated with long-term corticosteroid therapy and later switched to biotherapy. While under biotherapy, the patient developed an infectious syndrome with elevated inflammatory markers and respiratory symptoms, without any pathogens detected in multiple microbiological tests. Parasitological stool examination finally revealed S. stercoralis infection. The patient was then prescribed 400 mg/day of albendazole and showed significant clinical improvement, with normalization of various biological tests.