Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common diseases in children. In recent years, the use of conjugate vaccines has significantly reduced the burden of the main pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B. To date, viruses are the most frequently detected causative agents of CAP in children. New knowledge about the etiology and treatment of CAP in children gained in recent years has influenced the management, and this was the purpose of this work. In addition to reducing diagnostic uncertainty, there is a need to reduce antibiotic overuse and antimicrobialresistance in children with CAP.