Sports orientation as a system component of the training process for canoe rowers at the stage of preparation for high achievements

Sports orientation requires the development of an individual "roadmap" for the training process based on typological factors of energy provision for the specific working capacity of canoe paddlers. These factors are based on the determination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ergometric power, which define the directions for realizing the energy reserve of canoe paddlers during the preparation phase for higher achievements. Using ergometry, gas analysis, blood lactate concentration measurement, and methods of mathematical statistics, three typological groups were identified, which differed in terms of their energy provision structure: in paddlers of group "A," aerobic energy provision dominated; in group "B," anaerobic energy provision dominated; and in group "C," there was a combined dominance of both aerobic and anaerobic energy provision. The formation and implementation of a specific sports orientation allowed for the improvement of the special working capacity of the paddlers in the experimental group. Over the course of the preparation macrocycle, the average indicators of ergometric power increased: In group A paddlers: W 10 by 3.5%; W 30 by 10.9%; W 90 by 8.8%; W VO2 max by 8.3 (p<0.05); W CP by 10.2 (p<0.05). In group B paddlers: W 10 by 4.8% (p≤0.05); W 30 by 7.9% (p<0.05); W 90 by 6.0% (p<0.05); W VO2 max by 8.8 (p≤0.05); W CP by 12.3 (p<0.05). In group C paddlers: W 10 by 7.8%; W 30 by 11.8%; W 90 by 11.3%; W VO2 max by 12.1%; W CP by 10.7 (p<0.05)