Green Biogenic Synthesis of Sn-ZrO2 Nanocomposites Using Musa paradisiaca Peel Extract Under Sonication for Biological and Adsorption Efficacy

Abstract The production of nanoparticles using plant extracts has been the subject of much exploration and study in recent times since it is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method that reduces the use of hazardous chemicals. In this work, Musa paradisiaca (banana) peel extract was used to synthesize Sn-ZrO₂ nanocomposites under ultrasonic irradiation. As a capping and reducing agent in the manufacture of Sn-ZrO₂ nanocomposites, banana peel extract is crucial. Sn-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were synthesized in a green manner were effectively evaluated using a FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS). Studies have been conducted on the antimicrobial properties of synthesized ZrO₂ nanocomposites doped with tin against both Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria and fungus. Furthermore, free radical scavenging activity against the DPPH and ABTS assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity of green Sn-ZrO₂ nanocomposites. The biomimetic synthesised Sn-ZrO₂ nanocomposites demonstrated robust antioxidant activity and significant antimicrobial activity that was on par with standard. Further, Sn-ZrO₂ nanocomposites shows excellent adsorption capacity of malachite green dye.