Pharmacogenetics of Metformin Monotherapy: GSTM1/T1 Polymorphisms and T2DM Risk

Introduction: Metformin is a key treatment for type 2 diabetes, often linked to oxidative stress and genetic factors like GSTM1 and GSTT1 variations Method: We studied 150 subjects, examining how their deletion polymorphisms in these genes correlate with Met treatment response. Those with GSTM1/T1 deletions (-/-) had a higher T2DM risk (2.71-fold, P=0.005). Result: Met responders with GSTM1(16bp) deletions had lower glucose levels compared to non-responders (P<0.0001), and similar trends were observed with GSTT1(54bp) deletions. Responders with both deletions also managed lipids better (P=0.0256; P=0.0151). Non-responders with GSTM1/T1 null genotypes had better HDL management (P=0.007). Conclusion: These findings suggested that GSTM1 deletion could predict T2DM susceptibility and Met response.