Investigating the Effect of a PRECEDE-PROCEED Model-based Educational Program on Improving the Quality of Life and Laboratory Indicators of Dialysis Patients: A Randomized Training Trial Study

Background: Chronic renal failure is a progressive and irreversible disease that significantly affects the quality of life in its final stage. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of an educational program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model on improving the quality of life and laboratory indicators of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study is an educational intervention study. The research was conducted in the hemodialysis departments of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Boroujerdi hospitals in Boroujerd city. In this 2021 study, 80 hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups: Intervention and control (40 people in each group). The educational content was taught face-to-face by the researcher in four sessions over four weeks, according to the initial needs assessment. Information and laboratory indicators were collected and analyzed based on a researcher-made questionnaire and the standard quality of life questionnaire for kidney patients, both before and one month after the intervention. Results: The average age in the intervention and control groups was 56.55 ± 15.99 and 56.12 ± 15.99, respectively. The average quality of life score one month after the educational intervention was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The constructs of awareness, attitude, and self-efficacy were significant predictors of behavioral factors. The average scores for awareness, attitude, self-efficacy, behavioral factors, and reinforcing factors one month after the educational intervention were higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.001). Additionally, the average laboratory indices of hemoglobin (P < 0.001) and hematocrit (P < 0.001) were higher in the intervention group than in the control group one month after the educational intervention. Fasting blood sugar (P < 0.005), sodium (P < 0.020), and cholesterol (P < 0.007) showed a significant decrease after the educational intervention compared to before the intervention. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the implementation of an educational program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model can improve the quality of life and laboratory indicators in hemodialysis patients. These findings can be utilized by researchers to enhance the quality of life of hemodialysis patients.