Role of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) in Heart Failure: Mechanism of Action and Benefits of ACEIs

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure is a chronic condition characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are essential in the treatment of this condition, due to their vasodilatory, antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects. OBJECTIVE: This summary explores the mechanism of action of ACEIs and the benefits associated with their use in the management of heart failure, based on information from renowned academic sources. METHODOLOGY: A literature review was performed using works such as: Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, among others, to identify the mechanisms of action of ACEIs and clinical data that support their efficacy in heart failure. RESULTS: ACEIs act by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. Furthermore, they promote vasodilation and reduce sodium and water retention, improving cardiac function and reducing symptoms such as dyspnea and edema. CONCLUSIONS: ACE inhibitors represent a crucial intervention in the treatment of heart failure, offering significant benefits to patients' quality of life. A detailed understanding of their mechanism of action and clinical benefits is essential for contemporary medical practice.