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Fluorescent dyes have become important tools in various scientific and medical fields due to their unique capabilities for visualizing and analysing complex biological systems. This review focuses on the pivotal role of fluorescein and its derivatives in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Fluorescein, initially synthesized in the 19th century, has evolved into a crucial diagnostic and research tool, particularly valued for its intense fluorescence and versatility. In medical practice, fluorescein is used in high-contrast imaging techniques such as fluorescein angiography and fluorescence-guided surgery, significantly enhancing the detection and treatment of tumours, especially in oncology. This review covers the properties and applications of fluorescein, including its derivatives such as eosin and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), in various medical and non-medical contexts. Special attention is given to the innovative use of these dyes in paediatrics cancer diagnostics and surgery, highlighting their potential to improve patient outcomes. The review also explores the broader applications of fluorescein dyes in chemistry, forensics, and environmental science, underscoring their ability to detect and visualize substances at very low concentrations. As research continues to advance, the scope and efficacy of fluorescent dyes are expected to expand, offering new possibilities for scientific disoveryes and medical advancements. Keywords: Fluorescent dyes, Fluorescein, Cancer diagnostics, Paediatric oncology, High-contrast imaging, Tumor delineation
Marinko et al. (Wed,) studied this question.