Correlation of Transrectal Ultrasonography Guided Prostate Biopsy Gleason Score Results with Prostate Volume in Patients with Prostate Specific Antigen Level Between 2.5-10 ng/mL

Objective To investigate the correlation between prostate volume (PV) and Gleason score (GS) results obtained by systematic transrectal prostate biopsy in patients with a prostate-specific antigen value between 2.5 and 10 ng/mL.Materials and Methods A total of 904 patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy at our institution were divided into four groups based on PV calculated by transrectal ultrasonography. Group 1 had a PV ≤35 cc, group 2 had a PV ranging from 36 to 55 cc, group 3 had a PV between 56 and 75 cc, and group 4 had a PV >75 cc. Subgroups were based on biopsy-proven prostate carcinoma patients within each group in the same PV intervals, and prostate cancer detection rates and GSs were calculated for each group and subgroup.Results The prostate cancer detection rate was 78.5% in group 1 and decreased to 17.2% in group 4. GS ≥8 also decreased from 16.4% in group 1 to 2.5% in group 4. However, there was no statistically significant difference between GS ≥8 in the subgroups, with the results of 20.9% in group 1a and 15% in group 4a.Conclusion Our study results suggest an inverse relationship between PV and cancer detection rates. Although GS ≤6 rates in biopsy-proven prostate carcinoma patients increased and GS of 7 decreased in larger prostates, it was not obvious in patients with GS ≥8. Further prospective studies with large volumes of patients are required to confirm our results.