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This research aims to determine whether HLA heterozygosity confers a protective effect against hepatitis B virus infection by analyzing the relationship between HLA diversity and the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A total of 327 hepatitis B patients were selected and categorized based on their clinical status: 284 patients with chronic HBV infection and 43 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC). The control group included 304 healthy individuals. HLA genotyping for 11 loci, including HLA class I and class II, was conducted using next-generation sequencing. The results of this study indicate a statistically significant negative correlation between HLA class II heterozygosity and the risk of HBV infection. Specifically, heterozygosity in HLA-DQB1 (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.31-0.76,
Tălăngescu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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